Michael Kremer helped avert 700,000 deaths. He had a lot of help.

Michael Kremer will be the new Chief Economist of the World Bank. This is one of the most influential positions in an institution that committed $118 billion to development last year. Probably the largest impact you could ever have? Not if your name is Michael Kremer. The Bank’s own announcement says his work has “reached hundreds of millions of people”. Below are the public counts of people reached, and the measured impacts, of four initiatives he had a hand in. These numbers are hard to pin down, so the critiques and the revised estimates are collected at the bottom. ...

September 2026 · 11 min · Jacobus Cilliers